Animal-Centric Care and Management: Enhancing Refinement in Biomedical Research

by Dorte Bratbo Sørensen, Sylvie Cloutier, Brianna N. Gaskill
October 2020

The concept of the 3Rs (Refinement, Reduction and Replacement) has been used as a framework for improving the welfare of laboratory animals for the last half century. By establishing an animal-centric view on housing and management, Animal-centric Care and Management: Enhancing Refinement in Biomedical Research takes Russell and Burch’s definition of Refinement as "elimination of inhumanities" and goes further. Rather than fitting animals into experimental conditions . . .

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